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Robots.txt and Sitemap Checker

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Robots.txt and Sitemap Checker

You help site owners, SEO specialists and web developers make sure search engines can crawl the pages that matter and skip the ones that do not. From a robots.txt, an XML sitemap and a list of important URLs, you show which rule decides each URL, find contradictions between robots.txt and the sitemap, explain each problem in plain words and propose a corrected robots.txt and sitemap fixes.

Files in this skill

  • scripts/crawl_check.py - parses robots.txt and a sitemap, decides allowed or blocked per URL like Googlebot, and prints a URL table and findings (Python 3 standard library only, no network)
  • references/robots-txt-rules.md - groups, longest-match and wildcard rules with examples, supported directives, common mistakes and how to test
  • references/sitemap-rules-and-fixes.md - sitemap format and limits, what to list, lastmod, and the fix for each finding
  • templates/crawl-audit-report.md - an audit report with a proposed robots.txt to hand to the developer
  • examples/outdoor-shop-crawl-check.json - an outdoor gear shop after a relaunch: blog and JS blocked by mistake, a noindex line, an open admin path, and a sitemap with a blocked, an off-site, a duplicate and badly dated URLs

Workflow

1. Collect the files

Ask for the live robots.txt (https://<host>/robots.txt), the sitemap or sitemap index, the canonical origin (scheme and host), and two short lists: URLs that must be crawlable (home, categories, top products or articles, CSS/JS bundles) and URLs that should be blocked (cart, checkout, internal search, filters, admin). Ask which crawler matters most (default Googlebot).

2. Run the checker

python3 scripts/crawl_check.py examples/outdoor-shop-crawl-check.json --today 2026-10-23
python3 scripts/crawl_check.py --robots robots.txt --sitemap sitemap.xml --site https://www.example.com --allow /product/x --block /cart/
python3 scripts/crawl_check.py --self-test

A bundle JSON holds the site, crawler, robots.txt and sitemap lines and the URL lists. Exit code 1 means CRITICAL or HIGH findings, 2 means bad input.

3. Explain and fix

Start with CRITICAL and HIGH: whole-site blocks, important pages blocked, sitemap URLs that robots.txt blocks, off-site sitemap entries. For each, name the deciding line and give the corrected rule. Explain that robots.txt does not remove pages from search or protect private pages (references/robots-txt-rules.md), and point to the fix table in references/sitemap-rules-and-fixes.md.

4. Deliver

Fill templates/crawl-audit-report.md with the URL table, findings, a full corrected robots.txt and the sitemap generator changes, then re-run the checker on the corrected files.

Example result

For examples/outdoor-shop-crawl-check.json the status is HIGH: Disallow: /blog/ (line 9) blocks /blog/trail-running-shoes-review and the listed /blog/spring-sale-recap, Disallow: /assets/js/ blocks the app bundle, and http://trailgear.example/backpacks/ in the sitemap is off-site. The Noindex: /search/ line is ignored by Google, so /search/ and /admin/ stay crawlable; the sitemap also has a duplicate /tents/, a lastmod in 2027 and one in 18.10.2026 format.

Rules

  • Always name the exact robots.txt line that decides a URL, and the crawler it was evaluated for.
  • Never suggest robots.txt to hide private or sensitive pages; use authentication, and noindex for pages that must stay out of search.
  • Give a complete corrected robots.txt, not only fragments, and keep rules the owner added on purpose (for example blocking AhrefsBot).
  • The checker does not fetch URLs; say that status codes, redirects, canonicals and noindex tags need a crawl or Search Console. FILE:references/robots-txt-rules.md

robots.txt Rules (RFC 9309 and Google)

Where and what

  • Lives at the root of each host and protocol: https://www.example.com/robots.txt covers only that host. example.com, shop.example.com and http:// need their own file.
  • Plain text, UTF-8. Google reads the first 500 KiB. A 404 means "everything allowed"; a 5xx for a long time can make Google stop crawling the site.
  • robots.txt controls crawling, not indexing. A blocked URL can still appear in search (without a snippet) if other pages link to it. To keep a page out of search, allow crawling and send noindex; to keep it private, require a login.

Groups

User-agent: Googlebot
User-agent: Bingbot
Disallow: /tmp/

User-agent: *
Disallow: /cart/
  • Consecutive User-agent lines share one group. Rules belong to the group above them.
  • A crawler uses only one group: the one with the most specific matching name (googlebot-image over googlebot), otherwise *. Rules from * are not added to a named group, so a common mistake is a Googlebot group that forgets to repeat the * rules.
  • Groups with the same name are merged.

Matching

  • Paths are case-sensitive and match from the start of the path (including the query string).
  • * matches any characters; $ anchors the end of the URL.
  • The longest matching rule wins; on equal length Allow wins. No matching rule means allowed.
  • Disallow: with an empty value allows everything.
Rule Blocks Does not block
Disallow: /shop /shop, /shop/, /shopping /Shop
Disallow: /shop/ /shop/shoes /shop
Disallow: /*?sort= /tents/?sort=price /tents/?color=red&sort=price (needs /*sort=)
Disallow: /*.pdf$ /docs/a.pdf /docs/a.pdf?v=2
Disallow: /blog/ + Allow: /blog/guides/ /blog/news /blog/guides/x

Directives

Directive Google Notes
user-agent, allow, disallow yes core rules
sitemap yes absolute URL, any number, outside groups
crawl-delay no Bing and Yandex honour it; for Google, lower the crawl rate via server responses (429/503)
noindex, nofollow no (dropped 2019) use <meta name="robots" content="noindex"> or the X-Robots-Tag header
host, clean-param no Yandex only

Common mistakes

  • Disallow: / left over from staging after a launch (the whole site disappears from crawling).
  • Blocking CSS, JS or image folders: Google renders pages and needs them; blocked assets can make pages look broken or not mobile-friendly.
  • Blocking a page that carries noindex: the crawler never sees the noindex, so the URL can stay in the index.
  • Using robots.txt to hide admin or private pages: the file is public and lists exactly where they are.
  • Faceted URLs (sort, filter, session ids) left open, wasting crawl budget on endless combinations.
  • Typos (Disalow) are silently ignored.

Testing

  • Google Search Console: robots.txt report (fetch status and parsed rules) and URL Inspection (blocked or not).
  • Locally: python3 scripts/crawl_check.py --robots robots.txt --site https://www.example.com --allow /product/x --block /cart/. FILE:references/sitemap-rules-and-fixes.md

XML Sitemap Rules and Fixes

Format

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.example.com/tents/ultralight-2p</loc>
    <lastmod>2026-10-18T09:30:00+03:00</lastmod>
  </url>
</urlset>
  • At most 50,000 URLs and 50 MB uncompressed per file. Larger sites use a sitemap index (<sitemapindex> with <sitemap><loc> entries), up to 50,000 sitemaps.
  • UTF-8, entity-escape &, <, >, ', " inside <loc>.
  • <loc> must be absolute, on the same protocol and host as the sitemap (unless cross-submitted through Search Console for a verified host).

What to list

  • Only canonical, indexable URLs that return 200: no redirects, no 404s, no noindex pages, no URLs blocked by robots.txt, no parameter duplicates.
  • The exact canonical form: same scheme (https), same host (www or not), same trailing-slash style as the rel=canonical tag.
  • Each URL once.

lastmod

  • W3C datetime: 2026-10-18, 2026-10-18T09:30+03:00 or 2026-10-18T06:30:00Z. Formats like 18.10.2026 or 10/18/2026 are invalid.
  • Set it to the last meaningful content change, not the build time. Google uses lastmod only when it is consistently accurate; future dates or every URL changing every day teach it to ignore the field.
  • <changefreq> and <priority> are ignored by Google; they do no harm but are not worth maintaining.

Telling crawlers about the sitemap

  • Sitemap: https://www.example.com/sitemap.xml in robots.txt (absolute URL).
  • Submit in Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools, then watch the "Discovered" and "Indexed" counts and errors.

Fixes by finding

Finding Fix
SITEMAP_URL_BLOCKED Decide: if the page should rank, remove the Disallow; if not, drop it from the sitemap
SITEMAP_OFF_SITE Rewrite <loc> to the canonical scheme and host; check the generator's base URL setting
SITEMAP_DUPLICATE Deduplicate in the generator (often category + tag listings of the same page)
LASTMOD_INVALID / LASTMOD_FUTURE Output ISO 8601 from the content's updated-at field; check server time zone and clock
SITEMAP_TOO_BIG Split by section or date into several files under one sitemap index
SITEMAP_PARSE_ERROR Escape & in URLs, remove a BOM or HTML error pages served instead of XML, check the namespace

Beyond this checker

The script works offline on the files you give it. Also check, with a crawler or Search Console: status codes of listed URLs, redirects, canonical tags, noindex tags and hreflang alternates. FILE:templates/crawl-audit-report.md

Crawl Audit - -

Checked: robots.txt (<fetched on / version>), <sitemap URL(s)> Crawler: Reviewer:

Summary

  • Status: <CRITICAL / HIGH / OK>
  • robots.txt: groups, rules for
  • Sitemap: URLs, blocked, off-site, duplicates

Important URLs

URL Should be Result Deciding rule Fix
crawlable
blocked

Findings and fixes

Severity Finding Detail Fix Owner

Proposed robots.txt

User-agent: *
Disallow: ...
Allow: ...

Sitemap: https://...

Follow-up

#!/usr/bin/env python3 """robots.txt and XML sitemap checker (Python 3 standard library only, works offline).

Input, either: a JSON bundle {"site": "https://www.example.com", "user_agent": "Googlebot", "robots_txt": [lines] or "text", "sitemap_xml": [lines] or "text", "must_crawl": [urls or paths], "must_block": [urls or paths]} or files --robots robots.txt [--sitemap sitemap.xml] --site https://... [--allow URL] [--block URL] Matching follows RFC 9309 / Google: the group whose user-agent token matches the crawler name (case-insensitive, most specific wins, else ""), then the longest matching Allow/Disallow path ( = any characters, $ = end of URL); on a tie Allow wins; no match = allowed. Findings (severity): CRITICAL BLOCK_ALL "Disallow: /" applies to the crawler with no Allow rules HIGH MUST_CRAWL_BLOCKED a URL that must be crawlable is disallowed HIGH SITEMAP_URL_BLOCKED a URL listed in the sitemap is disallowed HIGH SITEMAP_PARSE_ERROR sitemap is not well-formed XML or not urlset/sitemapindex HIGH SITEMAP_TOO_BIG more than 50,000 URLs in one sitemap HIGH SITEMAP_OFF_SITE a sitemap URL is on another host or scheme than the site MEDIUM MUST_BLOCK_CRAWLABLE a URL that should be blocked is crawlable (robots.txt is not access control) MEDIUM ASSETS_BLOCKED CSS, JS or image paths disallowed (pages cannot render for the crawler) MEDIUM UNSUPPORTED_RULE noindex / nofollow / host lines (ignored by Google) MEDIUM SITEMAP_DUPLICATE the same appears more than once MEDIUM LASTMOD_FUTURE after --today LOW CRAWL_DELAY_IGNORED crawl-delay (Googlebot ignores it; Bing and Yandex honour it) LOW RULE_OUTSIDE_GROUP allow/disallow before any user-agent line LOW UNKNOWN_DIRECTIVE unknown line or missing colon LOW SITEMAP_RELATIVE Sitemap: line is not an absolute URL LOW NO_SITEMAP_LINE robots.txt has no Sitemap: line LOW LASTMOD_INVALID is not W3C datetime (YYYY-MM-DD[Thh:mm[:ss]TZD]) Usage: python3 crawl_check.py bundle.json [--today 2026-10-23] [--json] python3 crawl_check.py --robots robots.txt --sitemap sitemap.xml --site https://www.example.com --allow /shop/ python3 crawl_check.py --self-test Exit code: 0 no CRITICAL/HIGH, 1 CRITICAL or HIGH findings, 2 bad input. """ import argparse import datetime as dt import json import re import sys import urllib.parse import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

SEV_ORDER = {"CRITICAL": 0, "HIGH": 1, "MEDIUM": 2, "LOW": 3} KNOWN = {"user-agent", "allow", "disallow", "sitemap", "crawl-delay", "noindex", "nofollow", "host", "clean-param"} ASSET_RE = re.compile(r"(.css|.js|.png|.jpe?g|.webp|.svg|.gif|/static/|/assets/|/_next/|/wp-includes/|/css/|/js/)", re.I) LASTMOD_RE = re.compile(r"^\d{4}(-\d{2}(-\d{2}(T\d{2}:\d{2}(:\d{2}(.\d+)?)?(Z|[+-]\d{2}:\d{2}))?)?)?$") NS = "{http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9}"

class DataError(ValueError): pass

def text_of(v): if v is None: return None return "\n".join(v) if isinstance(v, list) else str(v)

def parse_robots(text): """-> (groups [{agents, rules[(kind, path, line)]}], sitemaps [(url, line)], issues [(sev, code, msg)])""" groups, sitemaps, issues = [], [], [] cur, last_was_agent = None, False for n, raw in enumerate(text.splitlines(), start=1): line = raw.split("#", 1)[0].strip() if not line: continue if ":" not in line: issues.append(("LOW", "UNKNOWN_DIRECTIVE", f"line {n}: no colon in {line!r}")) continue key, val = (x.strip() for x in line.split(":", 1)) key = key.lower() if key == "user-agent": if not last_was_agent or cur is None: cur = {"agents": [], "rules": []} groups.append(cur) cur["agents"].append(val.lower()) last_was_agent = True continue last_was_agent = False if key in ("allow", "disallow"): if cur is None: issues.append(("LOW", "RULE_OUTSIDE_GROUP", f"line {n}: {key} before any user-agent line is ignored")) elif val: cur["rules"].append((key, val, n)) elif key == "sitemap": sitemaps.append((val, n)) if not re.match(r"^https?://", val, re.I): issues.append(("LOW", "SITEMAP_RELATIVE", f"line {n}: Sitemap must be an absolute URL, got {val!r}")) elif key == "crawl-delay": issues.append(("LOW", "CRAWL_DELAY_IGNORED", f"line {n}: crawl-delay {val} is ignored by Googlebot")) elif key in ("noindex", "nofollow", "host", "clean-param"): issues.append(("MEDIUM", "UNSUPPORTED_RULE", f"line {n}: '{key}' in robots.txt is not supported by Google; use meta robots / X-Robots-Tag or redirects")) else: issues.append(("LOW", "UNKNOWN_DIRECTIVE", f"line {n}: unknown directive {key!r}")) return groups, sitemaps, issues

def pick_group(groups, agent): """Rules for the crawler: merge all groups with the longest matching agent token, else ''.""" a = agent.lower() best, rules = -1, [] for g in groups: for tok in g["agents"]: if tok != "" and tok and a.startswith(tok) and len(tok) > best: best, rules = len(tok), list(g["rules"]) elif tok != "" and tok and a.startswith(tok) and len(tok) == best: rules += g["rules"] if best >= 0: return rules return [r for g in groups if "" in g["agents"] for r in g["rules"]]

def pattern_to_re(path): end = path.endswith("$") body = path[:-1] if end else path return re.compile("^" + ".".join(re.escape(p) for p in body.split("")) + ("$" if end else ""))

def path_of(url, site): u = urllib.parse.urlsplit(urllib.parse.urljoin(site + "/", url)) return (u.path or "/") + (("?" + u.query) if u.query else "")

def decide(rules, path): """-> (allowed, matching rule or None)""" best = None for kind, pat, n in rules: if pattern_to_re(pat).match(path): key = (len(pat), kind == "allow") if best is None or key > best[0]: best = (key, (kind, pat, n)) if best is None: return True, None return best[1][0] == "allow", best[1]

def parse_sitemap(text): try: root = ET.fromstring(text.strip()) except ET.ParseError as e: raise DataError(f"sitemap XML error: {e}") tag = root.tag.replace(NS, "") if tag not in ("urlset", "sitemapindex"): raise DataError(f"sitemap root must be urlset or sitemapindex, got {tag!r}") child = "url" if tag == "urlset" else "sitemap" items = [] for el in root.findall(NS + child) or root.findall(child): loc = el.findtext(NS + "loc") or el.findtext("loc") or "" lm = el.findtext(NS + "lastmod") or el.findtext("lastmod") items.append((loc.strip(), lm.strip() if lm else None)) return tag, items

def check(bundle, today=None): site = (bundle.get("site") or "").rstrip("/") if not re.match(r"^https?://[^/]+$", site): raise DataError("site must be an origin like https://www.example.com") robots = text_of(bundle.get("robots_txt")) if robots is None: raise DataError("robots_txt is required") agent = bundle.get("user_agent") or "Googlebot" today = today or dt.date.today() groups, sitemaps, issues = parse_robots(robots) rules = pick_group(groups, agent) findings = [{"severity": s, "code": c, "message": m} for s, c, m in issues]

def f(sev, code, msg):
    findings.append({"severity": sev, "code": code, "message": msg})

if any(k == "disallow" and p == "/" for k, p, _ in rules) and not any(k == "allow" for k, _, _ in rules):
    f("CRITICAL", "BLOCK_ALL", f"'Disallow: /' blocks the whole site for {agent}")
for k, p, n in rules:
    if k == "disallow" and ASSET_RE.search(p):
        f("MEDIUM", "ASSETS_BLOCKED", f"line {n}: Disallow {p} blocks CSS/JS/images needed to render pages")
if not sitemaps:
    f("LOW", "NO_SITEMAP_LINE", "robots.txt has no Sitemap: line")
url_checks = []
for kind, key in (("crawl", "must_crawl"), ("block", "must_block")):
    for u in bundle.get(key) or []:
        p = path_of(u, site)
        allowed, rule = decide(rules, p)
        url_checks.append({"url": u, "path": p, "expect": kind, "allowed": allowed,
                           "rule": f"line {rule[2]}: {rule[0].title()}: {rule[1]}" if rule else "no rule"})
        if kind == "crawl" and not allowed:
            f("HIGH", "MUST_CRAWL_BLOCKED", f"{p} is blocked by line {rule[2]} ({rule[0].title()}: {rule[1]})")
        if kind == "block" and allowed:
            f("MEDIUM", "MUST_BLOCK_CRAWLABLE", f"{p} is crawlable ({'no rule' if not rule else 'line %d Allow: %s' % (rule[2], rule[1])}); protect private pages with auth or noindex, not robots.txt")
sm_info = None
sm_text = text_of(bundle.get("sitemap_xml"))
if sm_text is not None:
    try:
        kind, items = parse_sitemap(sm_text)
    except DataError as e:
        f("HIGH", "SITEMAP_PARSE_ERROR", str(e))
        kind, items = None, []
    host = urllib.parse.urlsplit(site)
    seen, blocked, off = set(), 0, 0
    for loc, lm in items:
        u = urllib.parse.urlsplit(loc)
        if (u.scheme, u.netloc) != (host.scheme, host.netloc):
            off += 1
            f("HIGH", "SITEMAP_OFF_SITE", f"{loc} is not on {site}")
        if loc in seen:
            f("MEDIUM", "SITEMAP_DUPLICATE", f"{loc} listed more than once")
        seen.add(loc)
        if kind == "urlset":
            allowed, rule = decide(rules, path_of(loc, site))
            if not allowed:
                blocked += 1
                f("HIGH", "SITEMAP_URL_BLOCKED", f"{loc} is in the sitemap but blocked by line {rule[2]} ({rule[0].title()}: {rule[1]})")
        if lm is not None:
            if not LASTMOD_RE.match(lm):
                f("LOW", "LASTMOD_INVALID", f"{loc}: lastmod {lm!r} is not W3C datetime")
            elif dt.date.fromisoformat(lm[:10] if len(lm) >= 10 else lm[:4] + "-01-01") > today:
                f("MEDIUM", "LASTMOD_FUTURE", f"{loc}: lastmod {lm} is after {today}")
    if len(items) > 50000:
        f("HIGH", "SITEMAP_TOO_BIG", f"{len(items)} URLs; split into files of at most 50,000 URLs and use a sitemap index")
    sm_info = {"type": kind, "urls": len(items), "blocked": blocked, "off_site": off}
findings.sort(key=lambda x: SEV_ORDER[x["severity"]])
status = findings[0]["severity"] if findings and findings[0]["severity"] in ("CRITICAL", "HIGH") else "OK"
return {"site": site, "user_agent": agent, "groups": len(groups), "rules_for_agent": len(rules),
        "sitemaps_declared": [s for s, _ in sitemaps], "sitemap": sm_info, "url_checks": url_checks,
        "findings": findings, "status": status}

def report(r): L = [f"# Crawl check for {r['site']} as {r['user_agent']}", "", f"robots.txt: {r['groups']} groups, {r['rules_for_agent']} rules apply to {r['user_agent']}; " f"Sitemap lines: {', '.join(r['sitemaps_declared']) or 'none'}"] if r["sitemap"]: s = r["sitemap"] L.append(f"Sitemap ({s['type']}): {s['urls']} URLs, {s['blocked']} blocked by robots.txt, {s['off_site']} off-site") if r["url_checks"]: L += ["", "| URL | Expected | Result | Deciding rule |", "|---|---|---|---|"] for c in r["url_checks"]: res = "allowed" if c["allowed"] else "blocked" good = (c["expect"] == "crawl") == c["allowed"] L.append(f"| {c['path']} | {c['expect']} | {res}{'' if good else ' (WRONG)'} | {c['rule']} |") L += ["", f"## Findings (status {r['status']})"] L += [f"- {x['severity']} {x['code']}: {x['message']}" for x in r["findings"]] or ["- none"] return "\n".join(L) + "\n"

def self_test(): cases = []

def ok(name, cond):
    cases.append(bool(cond))
    print(("PASS " if cond else "FAIL ") + name)

def codes(r):
    return {x["code"] for x in r["findings"]}

R = lambda t: pick_group(parse_robots(t)[0], "Googlebot")
rules = R("User-agent: *\nDisallow: /shop/\nAllow: /shop/products/\n")
ok("longest match wins (allow deeper path)", decide(rules, "/shop/products/a")[0] and not decide(rules, "/shop/cart")[0])
ok("tie goes to allow", decide(R("User-agent: *\nDisallow: /p\nAllow: /p\n"), "/p")[0])
ok("no rule = allowed", decide(rules, "/blog/")[0])
wild = R("User-agent: *\nDisallow: /*?sort=\nDisallow: /*.pdf$\n")
ok("* wildcard matches query", not decide(wild, "/shop/shoes?sort=price")[0])
ok("$ anchors end", not decide(wild, "/files/a.pdf")[0] and decide(wild, "/files/a.pdf?x=1")[0])
ok("empty Disallow allows everything", decide(R("User-agent: *\nDisallow:\n"), "/x")[0])
spec = parse_robots("User-agent: *\nDisallow: /\n\nUser-agent: Googlebot\nDisallow: /private/\n")[0]
ok("specific group beats *", decide(pick_group(spec, "Googlebot"), "/shop")[0] and not decide(pick_group(spec, "Bingbot"), "/shop")[0])
ok("googlebot-image uses longest token", pick_group(parse_robots("User-agent: googlebot\nDisallow: /a\nUser-agent: googlebot-image\nDisallow: /b\n")[0], "Googlebot-Image")[0][1] == "/b")
multi = parse_robots("User-agent: a\nUser-agent: b\nDisallow: /x\n")[0]
ok("consecutive user-agents share a group", len(multi) == 1 and multi[0]["agents"] == ["a", "b"])
ok("comments stripped", R("User-agent: * # all\nDisallow: /tmp/ # temp\n")[0][1] == "/tmp/")
base = {"site": "https://www.shop.test", "robots_txt": "User-agent: *\nDisallow: /\n"}
r = check(base, dt.date(2026, 10, 23))
ok("block all is CRITICAL", "BLOCK_ALL" in codes(r) and r["status"] == "CRITICAL")
r = check({**base, "robots_txt": ["User-agent: *", "Disallow: /checkout/", "Sitemap: https://www.shop.test/sitemap.xml"],
           "must_crawl": ["/checkout/thanks"], "must_block": ["/admin/"]}, dt.date(2026, 10, 23))
ok("must_crawl blocked is HIGH", "MUST_CRAWL_BLOCKED" in codes(r) and r["status"] == "HIGH")
ok("must_block crawlable is MEDIUM", "MUST_BLOCK_CRAWLABLE" in codes(r))
ok("list of lines accepted, sitemap line read", r["sitemaps_declared"] == ["https://www.shop.test/sitemap.xml"])
r = check({**base, "robots_txt": "Disallow: /x\nUser-agent: *\nNoindex: /tmp/\nCrawl-delay: 5\nDisalow: /y\nSitemap: /sitemap.xml\nDisallow: /assets/\n"}, dt.date(2026, 10, 23))
for c in ("RULE_OUTSIDE_GROUP", "UNSUPPORTED_RULE", "CRAWL_DELAY_IGNORED", "UNKNOWN_DIRECTIVE", "SITEMAP_RELATIVE", "ASSETS_BLOCKED"):
    ok(c + " flagged", c in codes(r))
ok("missing sitemap line flagged", "NO_SITEMAP_LINE" in codes(check({**base, "robots_txt": "User-agent: *\nDisallow:\n"})))
sm = ('<?xml version="1.0"?><urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">'
      "<url><loc>https://www.shop.test/a</loc><lastmod>2026-10-01</lastmod></url>"
      "<url><loc>https://www.shop.test/a</loc></url>"
      "<url><loc>http://www.shop.test/b</loc><lastmod>01/10/2026</lastmod></url>"
      "<url><loc>https://www.shop.test/cart/x</loc><lastmod>2030-01-01T00:00:00+00:00</lastmod></url></urlset>")
r = check({**base, "robots_txt": "User-agent: *\nDisallow: /cart/\nSitemap: https://www.shop.test/sitemap.xml\n", "sitemap_xml": sm}, dt.date(2026, 10, 23))
for c in ("SITEMAP_DUPLICATE", "SITEMAP_OFF_SITE", "LASTMOD_INVALID", "LASTMOD_FUTURE", "SITEMAP_URL_BLOCKED"):
    ok(c + " flagged", c in codes(r))
ok("sitemap counts", r["sitemap"] == {"type": "urlset", "urls": 4, "blocked": 1, "off_site": 1})
ok("bad XML is HIGH SITEMAP_PARSE_ERROR", "SITEMAP_PARSE_ERROR" in codes(check({**base, "robots_txt": "", "sitemap_xml": "<urlset><url>"})))
idx = '<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"><sitemap><loc>https://www.shop.test/s1.xml</loc></sitemap></sitemapindex>'
ok("sitemap index read", check({**base, "robots_txt": "", "sitemap_xml": idx})["sitemap"]["type"] == "sitemapindex")
for bad, label in (({"robots_txt": ""}, "missing site"), ({"site": "https://x.test/path", "robots_txt": ""}, "site with path"),
                   ({"site": "https://x.test"}, "missing robots_txt")):
    try:
        check(bad)
        ok(label + " rejected", False)
    except DataError:
        ok(label + " rejected", True)
print(f"{sum(cases)}/{len(cases)} passed")
return 0 if all(cases) else 1

def main(argv=None): ap = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Check robots.txt rules and an XML sitemap offline.") ap.add_argument("bundle", nargs="?", help="JSON bundle (see module docstring)") ap.add_argument("--robots", help="robots.txt file (instead of a bundle)") ap.add_argument("--sitemap", help="sitemap.xml file") ap.add_argument("--site", help="site origin, e.g. https://www.example.com") ap.add_argument("--agent", help="crawler name (default Googlebot)") ap.add_argument("--allow", action="append", default=[], help="URL or path that must be crawlable (repeatable)") ap.add_argument("--block", action="append", default=[], help="URL or path that should be blocked (repeatable)") ap.add_argument("--today", help="date for the future-lastmod check (default today)") ap.add_argument("--json", action="store_true") ap.add_argument("--self-test", action="store_true") a = ap.parse_args(argv) if a.self_test: return self_test() try: if a.bundle: b = json.load(open(a.bundle, encoding="utf-8")) elif a.robots: b = {"site": a.site, "robots_txt": open(a.robots, encoding="utf-8").read(), "sitemap_xml": open(a.sitemap, encoding="utf-8").read() if a.sitemap else None, "must_crawl": a.allow, "must_block": a.block} else: ap.error("give a JSON bundle, --robots FILE or --self-test") if a.agent: b["user_agent"] = a.agent today = dt.date.fromisoformat(a.today) if a.today else None r = check(b, today) except (OSError, ValueError, DataError) as e: print(f"error: {e}", file=sys.stderr) return 2 print(json.dumps(r, indent=2) if a.json else report(r), end="\n" if a.json else "") return 1 if r["status"] in ("CRITICAL", "HIGH") else 0

if name == "main": sys.exit(main())

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